Russia has established a network of 10 covert drone bases equipped with newly constructed launch infrastructure positioned along its borders with Belarus and Ukraine. Open-source satellite imagery and intelligence documentation reveal at least 59 mechanical launch rails deployed across repurposed military airfields, civilian airports, and field sites. The facilities are currently operational in executing long-range strike campaigns against Ukrainian infrastructure while positioning advanced uncrewed systems within range of NATO member states, including Poland.
Russian missile reach from launch sites
Analysis conducted by drone intelligence firm DroneSec for The Telegraph indicates that approximately 20 of the identified launch tracks feature extended lengths, designed specifically to deploy advanced fixed-wing platforms. These hubs support newer high-speed jet variants, such as the Geran-4 and Geran-5, which carry 90-kilogram warheads and operate at ranges up to 620 miles. Ukrainian intelligence assessments also note that Russian forces are integrating air-to-air missiles onto select uncrewed platforms to target defense aircraft. Supply chains feeding these facilities include manufacturing complexes like the Alabuga special economic zone, which maintains an annual output capacity of 6,000 units.
Where Russia is building up its drone and drone-launch capabilities
NATO officials acknowledged that uncrewed systems have transformed modern operational environments, stating that the alliance is expanding counter-drone capabilities, mass production, and operational readiness across allied territory. Intelligence reports suggest the expanded infrastructure allows Moscow to scale launch volume while complicating interception efforts, posing long-term operational challenges for regional air defense networks.
